Ideology
– Origin & Definition:
The term Ideology is very complex phenomenon of social
sciences. Other than social it also sometime refers to political sciences. The
term “Ideology” was first pronounced in the French Revolution as “Ideologie”
meaning idea and science deals with origin, nature and evolution of an idea. To
Karl
Marx the ideology is the idea of ruling junta who seeks to perpetuate
the prevailing order of capitalism. Whereas the Political Ideology is a
system of belief that explains and justifies a preferred political order either
existing or proposed and offers a strategy (institutions, processes, programs)
for its attainment. The ideology
emerges when people strongly feel that their status is not protected by
the current system and they seriously threatened from the current ideology and
feel that their rights are not properly given.
Basis
of Pakistan Ideology:
The basis of
ideology of Pakistan was the creation of a state which would be run on the
Islamic principles. This ideology was emerged because of the exploitation of
Hindus and British. The Indian Nationalism was imposed on the Indian Muslims
and on their culture. Now the need of separate state was escalated so that the
Islamic culture and civilization could be saved from total elimination. So here
the biased behavior of Hindus towards Muslims proved that the Hindus and
Muslims are two different nations which can no longer live together with having
equal rights.
Two-Nation
Concept:
Primary the ideology of Pakistan was based on the fact
that Muslims and Hindus are two separate and distinct nations. The Muslims have their separate way of living, culture, civilization, faiths and beliefs,
literature and lifestyle which is totally different from that of Hindus. So the
imposition of Indian Nationalism on Muslims and their culture was threatening
and alarming situation for Muslims that they need to take some serious steps
lest the Islamic civilization would be tarnished completely.
The pioneer of the term Two-Nation Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
first pronounced this at the time when he realized the hatred and prejudice of
Congress and Hindus towards Muslims. He always seen both the Hindus and Muslims
as a single nation, but the prejudice of Hindus compelled him to bring an idea
of Two-Nation which distinguishes the Muslims from the Hindus
So here the product of Two-Nation concept was the demand
of a separate state where the Muslims could have their basic rights, they could
perform their religious activities freely, they could have control over
government, and they could flourish the Islamic Culture & Civilization and
could run the state according to the principles given by Prophet Muhammad
(PBUH).
Objectives for Separate State:
Enforcement
of the Sovereignty of God Almighty:
The Prime
purpose of having a separate state was to enforce the sovereignty of God
Almighty, the creation of such a state the supremacy of God can be established
and it could be run according to the given commandments of God and His Prophet
(PBUH).
“We don’t want a separate state
only to have a piece of land, but to have a homeland and were we could
implement the Islamic Principles” said Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali
Jinnah.
Establishment
of Islamic Democracy:
The Muslims
wanted a separate homeland where they could implement the Islamic Democracy
which is entirely different from the Western and Indian democracy. Islam gives
the best form of democracy where each and every citizen enjoys the equal social
right and there is no discrimination on the basis of color, creed,
socio-economic condition and other factors. The Caliphs of Islamic history
followed the Islamic democracy very strictly and implemented the Islamic
principles in their administrative arena.
So the Muslims also wanted a separate homeland where they could
implement the Islamic Democracy to have equal rights which were not given in
United India. In the 14th February at Sibi The Quaid-e-Azam said, “it is
my belief that our salivation lied in golden rules of conduct as given by our
great law-giver the Prophet of Islam (PBUH). Let us lay the foundation of our
democratic system on Islamic ideals and principles. The almighty has taught us
that our decisions in the state affairs shall be guided by the mutual
consultation”.
Revival of Muslim Image and Identity:
In the United
India the Muslims were living as minority and inferior life. The Hindus were
dominated over Muslims because they were in majority and had influence towards
British. The Muslims were not allowed to have any administrative job because of
their educational backwardness and prejudice of Hindus. If the separate state
was not formed the Identity of Muslims could have eliminated from the region
and there would have no way back to revive the Islam.
So this fact of revival of Muslim image and identity
forced Indian Muslims to demand a separate homeland where they could have their
own Muslims identity and could implement Islamic principles to revive their
Image.
Protection
of Muslim Culture and Civilization:
The Muslims have
always their own and distinct culture, civilization, teachings, literature,
identity and values, all these factors make them a separate nation from Hindus.
However, Hindus always tried to crush the culture and civilization of Muslims
to merge them into Hindu Nationalism which was never possible. The Hindi-Urdu
Controversy is well known example of their efforts to curb the Islamic Culture.
However, the demand of Muslims for separate homeland was also based on the fact
that they wanted to retain their own culture and civilization which was never
possible in Hindu hegemony.
Establishment
of Balanced Economic System:
The economic conditions of Indian Muslims were terrible
since they were not in the position to enter into any business/commerce or
trade because of biased governmental policies and prejudice of Hindus. As a
result of 1857 Independence War, the British lord banned Muslims from all the
government and military job and all the seats were reserved for Hindus. Muslims
were only allowed to work as peons. The Muslims were also deprived from
education. This was another factor compelled Muslims to demand a separate land
where they could establish a balanced economic system in which everyone would
have equal right and opportunity for trade, business and employment and this
system would be based on the Islamic Principles.
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