Organs | Ear, Liver, Heart (Basics for Competitive Examination)

Ear:

Ear is the organ of hearing and consists of three parts:

(i) External Ear: The external ear consists of visible part of the ear which resides outside the head (called Pinna/Auricle) and the Ear Canal

(ii) Middle Ear: The middle ear starts from the ear drum and consists of three bones – the Ossicles.

(iii) Inner Ear: The inner ear is settled in the bony labyrinth and consists of a structure which helps maintaining several senses:

a. The Semicircular Canal it helps humans balancing and eye tracking in moving situation;

b. The Utricle and Saccule help humans balancing in stationary situations;

c. Cochlea basically helps us earning.

Functions:

· Conversion of sound into impulses.

· Amplification.

· Filtration.

Sound enters from the ear canal and hits the middle ear (ear drum) which creates vibration. This further is converted into impulses/electronic message by Ossicles (bones) and is transferred to brain/central nervous system.

Ear wax prevents dust particles from entering into sensitive part of ear.

Liver:

Liver is vital organ of human body and it is also known as chemist of body.

Functions:

· The most important function of the liver is to break down the Red Blood Cells. The life of a RBC is 120 days.

· Liver recycles the Iron.

· It also stores glycogen.

Homeostasis is another important function of Liver, which is a process of maintaining the internal environment of body e.g. Blood pressure, temperature, water level etc.

Detoxification is also done by liver when it converts the toxics into intoxicants or less toxicant.

Bile Juices are produced by liver which help digestion and maintenance of Cholesterol level.

Gall Bladder is attached with the liver, which stores secretions of liver. In case the level of phosphorus, cholesterol etc increases, it could cause the gall stones, which is then treaty by surgery or laparoscopy.

Heart:

Heart is the core organ of the human body that pumps the blood via the circulatory system and supplies the oxygen and nutrients to the cells/tissues. It contains Nodes which controls the rate of heart beat. In case of Node Malfunction the heart beat either reduces or increases dramatically. However this could be treaty by implanting artificial Pace Maker.

The heart has 4 valves:

The mitral valve and tricuspid valve, which control blood flow from the atria to the ventricles.

The aortic valve and pulmonary valve, which control blood flow out of the ventricles.

Next Topic > Viral Diseases

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