Introduction:
Floods are the regions
where the level of water is above the normal or expected level.
Causes
/Factors of Floods:
(i)
Anthropogenic
Factors: Deforestation – Urbanization – Shifting
Cultivation – Busting of Dams etc. All the man made factors.
(ii)
Meteorological
Factors: Factors of climate e.g. Heavy Rainfall, snowfall,
cloud burst.
(iii)
Geomorphic
Factors: Poor drainage (no drainage system means ultimate
collection of water and would lead to flood in local area) – Low gradient of
water – large catchment area –
Flood Control Management:
(i)
Green
Belts: since the deforestation and shifting cultivation is
the prime cause of floods so planting of trees or tree belt would lead to
binding of the soil because the roots of the threes go deeper and they bind the
soil as a result the process of erosion of the soil becomes slower.
(ii)
Embankment:
during
the heavy rain season the rivers get over flowed as a result the nearby areas
are affected, so along the river if there is kind of embankment that would lead
to protection of water being flowed toward the peripheral region.
(iii)
Prohibiting
Construction: Pavement of roads or the regions across
or nearby the flooded area.
(iv)
Flood
Plain Zoning: When there is flood plain area, the
regions nearby the rivers and the ocean, it must have proper zoning mechanism
which could be done by local government.
(v)
Decrease
in Level and Volume: Channelization – Diversions.
(vi)
Forecasting:
Forecasting helps determining future floods so allow ample time to take
preventive measure.
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